Impact of Urban Expansion on Local Water Resources and Land Use Change

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Kshipra

Master of Arts, NET

(Research Scholar)

Address – Kshipra w/o Narender Panghal,

Govt PG College, Karnaprayag- 246444

Abstract— Rapid urban expansion is transforming land-surface characteristics and altering the hydrological functioning of peri-urban and metropolitan environments. This study proposes an integrated geospatial and machine-learning framework for evaluating the relationship between built-up growth, land-use/land-cover change, surface-water dynamics, and groundwater recharge potential. The central research gap lies in the limited integration of explainable machine learning with multi-temporal remote-sensing indicators to identify not only where urbanization occurs, but how individual forms of land conversion contribute to local water-resource stress. The proposed research combines Landsat and Sentinel satellite observations with spectral, hydrological, terrain, vegetation, and impervious-surface indicators within a spatially explicit analytical framework. Changes in built-up area, vegetation, agricultural land, bare land, and surface-water extent are assessed alongside changes in infiltration potential and hydrologically sensitive zones. Machine-learning models are designed to estimate urban-pressure intensity and identify the dominant variables associated with deterioration of local water-resource conditions.
Keywords— Urban expansion, Land-use and land-cover change, Water resources, Remote sensing, Geospatial machine learning, Impervious surfaces

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